1.allele: One of two or more molecular forms of a gene that arise by mutation and code for different versions of the same trait.
2.codominance: In heterozygotes, simultaneous expression of a pair of onidentical alleles that specify different phenotypes.
3.continuous variation: Of a population, a more or less continuous range of small differences in a given trait among its individuals.
4.dihybrid cross: An intercross between two F1 heterozygotes that are identical for two gene loci; the dihybrids are offspring of parents that bred true for different versions of two traits.
5.epistasis: Interaction among the products of two or more gene pairs.
6.F1: The offspring of aninitial genetic cross.
7.F2: The offspring of parents who are the first filial generation from a genetic cross.
8.gene: Unit of information for a heritable trait, passed from parents to offspring.
9.genotype: Genetic constitution of an individual; a single gene pair or the sum total of an individual's genes.
10.heterozygous: Having a pair of nonidentical alleles at a gene locus.
11.homozygous dominant: Having a pair of dominant alleles at a gene locus.
12.homozygous recessive: Having a pair of recessive alleles at a gene locus.
13.hybrid: offspring of a genetic cross,offspring having a pair of nonidentical alleles for a trait.
14.incomplete dominance:Condition in which one allele of a pair is not fully dominant; a heterozygous phenotype somewhere between both homozygous phenotypes emerges.
15.independent assortment: Mendelian theory that by the end of meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes are sorted before shipment to gametes independently of how the other pairs were sorted. Late
r modified to account for the disruptive effect of crossing over on linkages.
16.monohybrid cross: Intercross between two F1 heterozygotes that are identical for one gene locus; offspring of two parents that breed true for different for
ms of a trait. 17.multiple allele system: Three or more slightly different molecular forms of a gene that occur among individuals of a population.
18.phenotype: Observable trait or traits of an individual that arise from gene interactions and gene-environment interactions.
19.pleiotropy: Positive or negative effects on two or more traits owing to expression of alleles at a single gene locus. Effects may or may not emerge at the same time.
20.probability: The chance that each outcome of a given event will occur is proportional to the number of ways the outcome can be reached.
22.segregation: Mendelian theory. Sexually reproducing organisms inherit pairs of genes, the two genes of each pair are separated from each other at meiosis, and they end up in separate gametes. 
24.true-breeding lineage: Of sexually reproducing species, a lineage in which only one version of a trait appears over the generations in all parents and their offspring.
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